MyPharmaGenes®
MyPharmaGenes® is a comprehensive pharmacogenetic test designed to create a personalized pharmacological plan. This test evaluates 121 drugs commonly used in various medical specialities, namely:
Psychiatry
Neurology
Pain management
Cardiology
Oncology
Gastroenterology
Immunosuppression
Rheumatology
Urology
Infectiology
MyPharmaGenes® is supported by an interactive WebApp that helps the user to manage their medications and to register drugs that have triggered side effects.
At some point in one’s life, medication is highly likely to be necessary. Staying informed can help avoid potential side effects.
Why is it important to address Pharmacogenetics?
- Variability in drug response constitutes a major public health concern, accounting for 2.5–10.6% of all hospital admissions in the EU [1].
- More than 90% of the drugs are not effective for more than 50% of patients [2,3].
- Approximately 17% of patients are receiving a drug that triggers adverse reactions [4].
- Genetic variants affecting the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity of drugs explain around 20–30% of the variability in drug response between individuals [5].
MyPharmaGenes® is indicated for:
- Patients who are starting new therapies;
- Patients who are not achieving therapeutic goals and/or experience moderate to severe adverse effects with the current therapy;
What is analysed?
The MyPharmaGenes® test analyses genetic variants associated with the metabolism and response to certain drugs, scientifically validated and with proven clinical utility.
MyPharmaGenes® highlights:
- Coverage of 121 drugs;
- Evaluation of 28 genes and 85 genetic variants;
- Evaluation of CYP2D6 CNVs and hybrid structures.
Evaluation of CYP2D6 CNVs and hybrid structures is highly important for correctly defining the patient’s CYP2D6 phenotype [6]. Without their analysis, the clinical recommendations presented may be misleading, which may result in misguided patient care.
With the evaluation of the patients’ genotypic profile is it possible to:
- Prescribe more adequate drug dosages;
- Evaluate the patient’s response to the treatment;
- Avoid adverse drug reactions;
- Select alternative agents, if necessary.
And, consequently, offer better treatment to more patients.
MyPharmaGenes® Panel
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ABCG2, ADD1, APOE, ATIC, CYP2B6, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP4F2, DPYD, F2, F5, HCP5, HLA-A, HLA-B, IFNL3, ITPA, KIF6, NUDT15, SCN1A, SLCO1B1, TNF, TPMT, UGT1A1, VKORC1.
Drugs evaluated by therapeutic areA
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Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Amphetamine, Aripiprazole, Atomoxetine, Brexpiprazole, Bupropion, Citalopram, Clobazam, Clomipramine, Desipramine, Diazepam, Doxepin, Escitalopram, Flibanserin, Fluvoxamine, Haloperidol, Iloperidone, Imipramine, Nortriptyline, Paroxetine, Perphenazine, Pimozide, Protriptyline, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Sertindole, Sertraline, Thioridazine, Trimipramine, Venlafaxine, Vortioxetine, Zuclopenthixol
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Brivaracetam, Carbamazepine, Deutetrabenazine, Donepezil, Eliglustat, Phenytoin, Fosphenytoin, Galantamine, Lamotrigine, Meclizine, Oxcarbazepine, Pitolisant, Siponimod, Tetrabenazine, Tolperisone, Valbenazine
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Carisoprodol, Celecoxib, Codeine, Flurbiprofen, Hydrocodone, Ibuprofen, Lofexidine, Lornoxicam, Meloxicam, Methadone, Oliceridine, Piroxicam, Tenoxicam, Tramadol
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Acenocoumarol, Atorvastatin, Clopidogrel, Ethinyl estradiol, Phenprocoumon, Flecainide, Fluvastatin, Hydrochlorothiazide, Losartan, Lovastatin, Metoprolol, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Propafenone, Ranolazine, Rivaroxaban, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin, Warfarin
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Capecitabine, Cisplatin, Erlotinib, Fluorouracil, Irinotecan, Mercaptopurine, Ondansetron, Pazopanib, SN-38, Tamoxifen, Tegafur, Thioguanine, Tropisetron
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Dexlansoprazole, Dronabinol, Lansoprazole, Metoclopramide, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole
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Azathioprine, Etanercept, Methotrexate, Tacrolimus
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Lesinurad
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Darifenacin, Fesoterodine, Mirabegron, Tamsulosin, Tolterodine
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Abacavir, Atazanavir, Efavirenz, Flucytosine, Flucloxacillin, Nevirapine, PEG interferon-? + ribavirin, Ombitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir, Voriconazole
An interactive WebApp
MyPharmaGenes® is supported by an interactive WebApp where patients can:
- Manage their drug portfolio;
- Register drugs that have triggered side effects;
- Have rapid access to which drugs may or may not be recommended for them;
- Find more specific information regarding the genes evaluated.
International Guidelines and drug lABEL ANNOTATIONS
MyPharmaGenes® is in line with the recommendations provided by international pharmacogenetics consortia (CPIC, DPWG and CPNDS) that develop peer-reviewed gene-drug guidelines that are published and updated periodically based on new developments across several fields of medicine, as well as by several drug agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, PMDA Japan and Swissmedic).
Scientific Studies
[2] Steve Connor (2003) “Glaxo chief: Our drugs do not work on most patients”, Independent/UK, 8/12/2003.
[3] Spear, B.B., Heath-Chiozzi, M. & Huff, J., “Clinical Application of Pharmacogenetics”. Trends Mol Med 7.5 (2001):201-204.
[4] Böhm, R. & Cascorbi, I., “Pharmacogenetics and Predictive Testing of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions”. Front Pharmacol 7 (2016): 396.
[5] Lauschke, V.M., Milani, L. & Ingelman-Sundberg, M. “Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers for Improved Drug Therapy—Recent Progress and Future Developments”. AAPS J 20.1 (2018): 4.
[6] Gaedigk, Andrea, et al. “Characterization of Reference Materials for Genetic Testing of CYP2D6 Alleles: A GeT-RM Collaborative Project”. J Mol Diagn 21.6 (2019): 1034-1052.